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Problems in China's Soft Magnetic Materials Industry

Time:2023-08-10 Views:1


Throughout the years of development of magnetic materials in China, the main reasons for achieving such achievements are the expansion of production scale and investment in production hardware. There is still a certain gap between the technical performance level of mass-produced magnetic products and the international advanced level. The prices of mid to low end products compete on the profit free edge, disorderly and irregular. The development of magnetic products in high-tech application fields is not strong enough for enterprises, and they cannot first occupy new application fields. In the domestic equipment manufacturing industry, there is no update and innovation in accordance with the production needs of new magnetic products, and high-end material manufacturing equipment relies on the introduction. The gap between China's magnetic materials and foreign countries is specifically manifested in the following aspects: (1) There is a gap in product quality level. The research level of China's soft magnetic materials has made significant progress in recent years, which has greatly improved compared to international peers. This is mainly due to the development and competition goals of various enterprises with advanced peers. Table 1 shows the results of comparing the level of Tiantong's soft magnetic materials with international peers. The level of soft magnetic materials in China has improved to some extent, but many new material research and development achievements have not been truly transformed into large-scale production, resulting in a certain gap in the quality level of batch products. In addition to the material level, factors such as poor product performance consistency, poor appearance, lack of famous brands, and untimely supply have greatly hindered the rapid improvement of magnetic material quality in China. At present, the technical quality level of large-scale production of soft magnetic ferrite in China is not high, and the performance of power ferrite is equivalent to the PC30 and PC40 grades of TDK products in Japan; High permeability ferrite μ The value ranges from approximately 7000 to 10000; Only a few units can stably produce PC44 grade power ferrite in small batches and μ High permeability ferrite with a value of over 10000. (2) From Figure 5, it can be seen that the average export price of magnetic materials in China is about 3.6 US dollars per kilogram, while the average import price is around 7 US dollars per kilogram. The import and export price difference of magnetic materials in China is too large. In terms of soft magnets, from the perspective of international market prices, Chinese products are very low. Large magnetic cores for household appliances are priced at around 15000 yuan per ton, while small magnetic cores for communication are priced at around 30000 yuan per ton, which is only 1/2-1/3 of the price of similar products in Japan. In terms of neodymium and iron, China accounts for 77% of world production but only has 57% of output value, with a ratio of output value to output of only 0.74, far less than Japan's 1.81 and Europe's 3.0 (see Figure 6 for details). This is not only due to sales channels, but also directly related to factors such as low product grade, poor performance consistency, poor appearance, lack of famous brands, and delayed supply in China. Most soft magnetic enterprises in China have been stuck in low-grade products for a long time, which not only affects the improvement of their own technical and management levels, but also affects the expansion of reproduction due to low prices and low profitability, resulting in waste of raw materials and energy resources, making it difficult to form a virtuous cycle. By moderately developing China's high-end soft magnetic ferrite, it is of great practical significance to improve the existing product structure, enhance competitiveness, expand the supporting facilities with transformers, inductors, etc., and increase export earnings.

 

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